![]() It includes numerous islands and archipelagos, such as Fernando de Noronha, Saint Peter and Saint Paul Archipelago, Trindade and Martim Vaz, and the Abrolhos Islands. Also found in the south is the Pampas lowland, a fertile area with a temperate climate.īrazil also has an extensive coastline stretching approximately 4,650 miles (7,491 kilometers) along the Atlantic Ocean. ![]() This area displays a subtropical climate and houses significant hydroelectric power infrastructure along the Iguaçu River, such as the Itaipu Dam. The southernmost region of Brazil includes the states of Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. The region, consisting of the states of Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo, contains the Paraná River, part of the second-largest river system in South America. The region is bound by the Atlantic Ocean on the east and north and incorporates the São Francisco River, the longest entirely within Brazil.īrazil's southeastern region, home to the cities of São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, showcases a blend of mountains, valleys, and the expansive coastal areas. The northeastern region of Brazil, often referred to as Nordeste, includes nine states and features a mix of landscapes from coastal areas to semi-arid regions known as the Sertão. Also situated in the north is Brazil's highest point : Pico da Neblina at 9,823ft (2,999m) (marked on the map by a yellow upright triangle). The dense rainforest and the immense network of rivers, including the Amazon River, the world's second-longest, play a crucial role in the global climate system and are rich with biodiversity. ![]() This region includes the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins. In contrast to the rugged terrain of the highlands, the Pantanal, one of the world's largest freshwater wetland ecosystems, covers the western parts of Brazil and extends into Bolivia and Paraguay.īrazil's Northern Region holds the Amazon Rainforest, which occupies nearly half of the country. This region, characterized by plateaus and low mountain ranges, hosts Brazil's largest city, São Paulo, and the political capital, Brasília. The Brazilian Highlands, or the Brazilian Plateau, occupies the eastern, central, and southern portions of the country. To the northwest, it meets Peru and Bolivia, to the west Argentina and Paraguay, to the southwest Uruguay, and to the south it is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean.īrazil's vast territory comprises several geographical regions with distinct characteristics. To the north, it shares a boundary with Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, and the French overseas department of French Guiana. It borders every South American country except Chile and Ecuador. Brazil occupies the eastern part of South America and, with an area of 3,286,470 square miles (8,511,965 square kilometers), is the fifth largest country in the world.
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